1. You mentioned that the Internet is indispensable in modern society and that quality-of-service (QoS) degradations (high latency, low throughput, packet loss) exist. Could you specify what typical application scenarios (e.g., video streaming, cloud computing, IoT communications) are most severely affected by these QoS issues, and why efficient congestion control is critical for them?
QoS in the Internet is significantly influenced not by controls at other network layers, but by congestion control at the transport layer. This means congestion control is critical for all applications. Poor congestion control results in reduced throughput, increased packet loss, and higher latency. Reduced throughput negatively affects many applications, such as web browsing and file transfers. As you mentioned, increased packet loss and latency affect diverse applications such as video streaming, VR/AR, and cloud gaming.
